Member Lina Paola Pardo Quevedo
MemberForum Replies Created
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Excellent, thanks for sharing
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I will start by asking why you want to cut the feed? Are you already giving excess feed or are you looking to save money by using less feed? If you feel you are giving more feed than required, yes you can cut feed. However, do it slowly with small adjustments daily until you get back to the required feed gift for the current age and production stage. DO NOT cut the feed abruptly, the birds will punish you for it.
If you are looking to save money by cutting feed, you will burn your finger. Laying birds have nutrient requirements that must be met for optimal performance. Industry experts have provided guidelines on feed management to cater for the needs of the birds at every stage of production. Hence, giving less than the required quantity and quality of feed to laying birds will cost you. Your birds will adjust priorities; first will be body maintenance, and if there is enough left, egg production. Cutting feed to save cost may end up being a case of “penny wise but pound foolish”.
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to prevent cannibalism
prevent feather plucking
enhance good feeding while preventing waste of feed.
prevent pecking of eggs.
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Why debeaking is very important in layers?
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Albendazole toxicity in birds is a serious condition that requires immediate veterinary attention. The following steps outline the immediate interventions and management, but it is crucial to consult an avian veterinarian as soon as possible.
Immediate Interventions
Stop Albendazole Administration: The first and most critical step is to immediately discontinue giving the bird albendazole or any other benzimidazole anthelmintic.
Contact an Avian Veterinarian: Do not attempt to manage the situation on your own. Albendazole toxicity can be life-threatening, and professional veterinary care is essential.
Management and Supportive Care
Since there is no specific antidote for albendazole toxicity, treatment focuses on supportive care and managing the symptoms. The specific interventions will depend on the signs of toxicity the bird is exhibiting.
Fluid Therapy: Dehydration is a common symptom of toxicity. The veterinarian will likely administer subcutaneous or intravenous fluids to rehydrate the bird and support kidney function.
Nutritional Support: A toxic bird may be lethargic and have a poor appetite. The veterinarian may provide assisted feeding or a modified diet to ensure the bird receives adequate nutrition.
Symptomatic Treatment: The vet will treat specific symptoms as they arise:
Gastrointestinal Issues: For severe vomiting or diarrhea, the veterinarian may recommend withholding food for a short period and then reintroducing a bland diet.
Liver Support: Albendazole is metabolized by the liver, and high doses can cause liver toxicity. The veterinarian may recommend liver supplements (such as SAMe or milk thistle) and a modified diet to support liver function.
Bone Marrow Suppression: This is a severe and potentially life-threatening side effect. The veterinarian will monitor blood work closely and may recommend blood transfusions in severe cases of anemia.
Neurological Symptoms: If the bird is experiencing seizures or other neurological signs, the veterinarian may administer anti-seizure medication and keep the bird in a calm, quiet environment.
Allergic Reactions: For signs of an allergic reaction (e.g., swelling, difficulty breathing), the vet may administer antihistamines, steroids, or epinephrine.
Monitoring: The bird will require close monitoring, including regular blood tests, to assess liver and kidney function and blood cell counts.
Important Considerations
Dose-Related Toxicity: The severity of albendazole toxicity is often dose-related. Overdosing, giving the wrong concentration, or prolonged use can increase the risk of adverse effects.
Species Sensitivity: Certain bird species, such as pigeons and doves, may be more susceptible to benzimidazole toxicosis.
Concurrent Medications: The presence of other medications can affect the metabolism of albendazole and increase the risk of toxicity. Always inform your veterinarian about all medications or supplements your bird is receiving.
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Feed extrusion process is a method of processing feed, particularly for aquaculture and pet food, that involves subjecting feed ingredients to high temperature, pressure, and moisture within an extruder to modify their structure and improve their nutritional value. This process gelatinizes starch, denatures proteins, and creates a product with enhanced digestibility and texture.
Please refer the article in the below link for more details
https://www.feedpelletplants.com/advantages-and-application-of-animal-feed-extruding-technology.html
– Dr Malathi
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Albendazole is used as an effective anthelmintic (dewormer) in chicken.
Effective dose in birds is 5-10 mg/ kg body weight.
Toxicity or overdose of albendazole is very rare.
Few times above the regular dosage is fine and not life threatening. If any symptoms such as diarrhea is seen, it should be treated symptomatically.
Lethal dose of albendazole (LD50 2500 mg/kg body weight) is very high and usually not encountered.
As such there is no antidote to albendazole. Treat symptomatically
– Dr malathi
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Got few answers, Great!!!!
Moisture should be 20 – 25%
Ammonia < 25 ppm
high moisture causes foot pad dermatitis, disease outbreaks (bacterial, fungal, coccidiosis)
High ammonia leads to irritation to respiratory tract, predispose birds to respiratory tract infections.
Good cross ventilation is the best way to maintain good litter conditions
– Dr Malathi
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Ideally, light requirement in layer houses is approximately 1 watt per bird or per 0.28 sq meter,
Your shed area : 15 x 120 m = 1800 m
1800/0.28 = 6428.5 watts – aprrox 6430 watts
If you want to use 18 w bulbs, it will be 6430/18 = 357 bulbs
instead use 30 or 60 watts bulbs
Spacing : distance between 2 bulbs should be 1 to 1.5 times the distance from floor
– Dr Malathi
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Terramycin
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- Antibiotics and antimicrobials: Adding antibiotics and antimicrobials can prevent fish diseases and infections, thereby improving fish productivity and economic benefits.
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For chickens, you should provide at least 8 inches (20 cm) of roosting bar space per chicken. While chickens tend to huddle together, providing adequate space helps prevent overcrowding, especially during colder weather.
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The following is my summary of comments made by Conrado (Don) Bulanhagui during a recent SEC Asia Feed Milling Intermediate Course:
Coarse particles (>1,000 microns) are better for poultry gut health and gizzard development, improving digestion and nutrient absorption. Ironically, coarse particles are more difficult to produce than fine particles. Roller mills are preferred over hammer mills for producing uniform coarse particles in poultry feed primarily because the particle size distribution is typically narrower (less variable) with roller mills than with hammer mills due to the fundamental differences in their grinding mechanisms:
Roller mills use compression and shearing forces where grain is crushed and sheared between two rollers. This controlled and gradual size reduction produces particles that are more uniform in size. By adjusting the gap and speed between rollers, particle size and distribution can be precisely controlled, resulting in a consistent output with less variation.
Hammer mills reduce size by high-speed impact and collision with rapidly moving hammers. This impact action is less controlled and more violent, causing the material to shatter into a wide range of particle sizes—from fine dust to larger fragments—leading to a broader particle size distribution. Hammer mills typically produce more fines and irregular shaped particles compared to roller mills.
Although roller mills can cost about three times more than hammer mills for the same capacity, Don recommended that feed mills with capacities of at least 40 tonnes per hour consider installing a small roller mill (minimum capacity around 5 tonnes per hour) alongside their hammer mill when producing poultry feed. The roller mill not only delivers a more consistent particle size but also consumes only one-third to half the energy of the hammer mill.
He noted that to achieve a particle size of 1,000-1,500 microns for broiler feeds, which stimulates the mechanical activity of the gizzard, leading to its enlargement and enhanced digestive efficiency, the sweet spot with a hammer mill is 700-900rpm, depending on the moisture content of raw materials.
To ensure uniform screen wear and maintain grinding efficiency, Don advised reversing hammer mill screens daily. As a rule of thumb, the minimum motor size for a hammer mill should be 10 horsepower per tonne per hour at 60 Hz.
The pros and cons of hammer mills, relative to roller mills are in the attached Table.
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thanks very much for the knowledge shared.
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Prevention is better than cure.
Maintain good water quality by changing your fish water on time. Also give them good feed at appropriate quantity. Also make the farm environment to be clean
With that, your fishes will have good health. Viral and other diseases will not infect your fishes.
