[Arbindra Shrestha]

More than acidic, it may to neutral

[Arbindra Shrestha]

nice one

[Arbindra Shrestha]

nice one

[Arbindra Shrestha]

nice one

[Arbindra Shrestha]

Feed (F):

• Low calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D₃ → poor shell mineralization

• Solution: Balance Ca:P ratio, add coarse limestone/oyster shell, ensure vitamin D₃ sufficiency

Water (W):

• High salinity or poor water quality → disrupts calcium metabolism

• Solution: Test TDS/salinity, filter or switch water source

Management (M):

• Immature shell gland in pullets or age-related decline in older birds

• Stress (heat, overcrowding, poor lighting) affects hormonal balance

• Solution: Avoid early lay induction, manage flock age, reduce stressors, consider molting

Disease (D):

• EDS, AI, IB, ND → viral damage to shell gland or reproductive tract

• Solution: Vaccination, biosecurity, isolate affected flocks, monitor egg quality.

[Arbindra Shrestha]

disease like bacterial , virus

Stress like summer, cold, vaccination, nutrition

Mangemental and nutritional stress like lighting, water, stocking density

[Rahat Mobeen]

reduce impact in environment, reduce pesticides, etc

[Rahat Mobeen]

How to control Rodents in Feed Mill?

[Rahat Mobeen]

Mycotoxin,sand silica.

[Rahat Mobeen]

How to improve mixer CV?

[Rahat Mobeen]

Noted with Thanks.

[Pragati]

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a vital nutrient in poultry, playing multiple roles despite birds’ ability to synthesise it naturally. Supplementing vitamin C improves health, growth, and productivity, especially during stress and high-temperature conditions.

• Key benefits:

• Acts as a strong antioxidant, supporting the immune system and helping birds resist infections and stress.
• Plays a role in collagen synthesis—critical for tissue, skin, bone, and cartilage integrity.
• Enhances growth, laying performance, eggshell quality, and overall productivity, particularly under heat stress and disease challenge.
• Supports absorption of vitamin D3, aiding calcium metabolism and bone health.
• Helps reduce the negative impact of stress factors like high temperature, improving feed intake and livability.

How do you find results with administration of Vitamin C through feed or water? Which route of administration is more effective?

[AHMED]

vitamins A: deficency :birds become emaciated and weak, with ruffled feathers. Egg production drops markedly, hatchability decreases, and embryonic mortality increases. As egg production declines, there will likely be only small follicles in the ovary, some of which show signs of hemorrhage. A watery discharge from the eyes may also be noted

Vitamin D :is required for the normal absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. A deficiency can result in rickets in young growing chickens or in osteoporosis and/or poor eggshell quality in laying hens, even though the diet may contain adequate levels of calcium and phosphorus. Abnormal skeletal development expected

[AHMED]

all required nutrient most be met,however,

17-18% protein,

lysine

calcium 3-4%

phosporus.

vitamins

water

energy giving nutrients.

etc

[Arbindra Shrestha]

true.