[Muddasar]

Copper toxicity in broilers is usually observed when dietary levels exceed <strong data-start=”75″ data-end=”90″>250–300 ppm.

[Muddasar]

Maintain strict biosecurity, proper sanitation, clean water, and good ventilation while controlling visitors and regularly vaccinating birds.

[Muddasar]

Broilers provide quick profits through fast growth and meat production, while layers give steady, long-term income from continuous egg production.

[Muddasar]

Lighting controls chicks’ feeding, growth, and rest patterns, promoting healthy development and uniform growth.

[Muddasar]

How often do you clean drinker lines, and what do you use?

[Muddasar]

Keep chickens cool by providing clean water, good ventilation, and proper shade during hot weather. Feed in cooler hours and add electrolytes or vitamin C to water to reduce heat stress.

[Muddasar]

How can small farms stay sustainable with limited resources?

[Muddasar]

Keep litter dry, clean, and 2–3 inches deep, remove wet spots daily, and ensure good ventilation to prevent ammonia buildup and disease.

[Muddasar]

Deep-litter housing for broilers and battery cage or colony systems for layers.

[Jahidul Islam]

Energy use in feed milling is reduced by optimizing equipment, using efficient motors, adopting variable speed drives, and improving pellet mill design.

[Jahidul Islam]

Good

[Jahidul Islam]

Good

[Bello Bashir]

Feed formulation and analysis are crucial for maximizing animal health and productivity, minimizing costs, and ensuring environmental sustainability in livestock farming. Proper formulation ensures animals receive the optimal balance of nutrients for growth and reproduction, while analysis verifies the nutritional quality of feed ingredients, preventing deficiencies and economic losses. This leads to efficient feed conversion, better animal performance, and more profitable and sustainable operations.

[Md.Rejuan Hossain]

Pullets should, where possible, have access to friable litter of good quality, such as straw, wood shavings, sand or peat from the time, when they are introduced to the rearing house. Pullets should have access to litter during rearing in order to increase foraging behaviour and to reduce feather pecking.

[Jahidul Islam]

Great