Salmanu Kabiru Bala
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Commercially prepared serum in advance for poultry is not a standard practice for treating viral diseases during an outbreak. The more common and effective approach is using hyperimmune serum produced by vaccinating a separate group of animals (like chickens) and collecting their blood to harvest the antibodies. These antibodies can then be used for treatment, or vaccines are used preventatively. A direct-acting antiviral treatment is generally not available as a commercially prepared serum.
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Intensive, semi intensive and extensive systems
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You can prevent common chick diseases by ensuring strict biosecurity, clean and disinfected housing, and proper vaccination. Provide clean water, balanced feed, and maintain optimal brooding temperature to reduce stress. Also, control visitors, rodents, and insects, and observe chicks daily for early signs of illness.
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Feeding chicks properly in the first week is vital — provide quality starter feed early, ensure clean water, and maintain the right temperature to promote uniform growth and healthy development.
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Chicks should be monitored several times a day during the first week — ideally 4 to 5 times daily. This helps you quickly detect signs of stress, disease, or poor brooding conditions such as uneven heat, dehydration, or pasting. Frequent checks ensure early intervention and better survival rates.
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Effective litter management in the brooding area involves using dry, absorbent materials like wood shavings, maintaining 2–3 inches thickness, and keeping it dry and loose through regular stirring. Promptly remove wet spots, prevent water spillage, and ensure good ventilation to control moisture and ammonia buildup.
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Selecting the right poultry breed is key to profitability, as it depends on production goals, climate adaptability, feed efficiency, and market demand.
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Lighting plays a vital role in the growth and development of chicks by influencing their feeding behavior, activity, and hormone regulation. Proper lighting encourages chicks to eat and drink regularly, supports good growth, strengthens immunity, and helps maintain a regular day–night rhythm for rest and development.
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Modern poultry farming is now adopting technologies like automatic feeders, climate control systems, sensors, and AI monitoring to improve efficiency, bird health, and overall farm productivity.
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From day 1, key biosecurity measures include disinfecting the house and equipment, restricting visitor access, using footbaths, wearing clean protective clothing, providing clean water and quality feed, controlling rodents and insects, properly disposing of dead birds, and closely monitoring bird health daily.

