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Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member
October 17, 2025 at 4:16 pm in reply to: Bedding Choices for Better Flock Health

Each litter material—rice husk, sawdust, and wood shavings—has its own advantages, but the best choice depends on your local conditions and management.

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🌾 Rice husk: Excellent moisture absorption and easy to find in many regions, but may get dusty if too dry.
🌲 Wood shavings: Provide good cushioning and aeration, helping reduce footpad dermatitis; however, they must be clean and free of resin or chemicals.
🌳 Sawdust: Affordable and absorbent but can pack tightly if wet, leading to poor ventilation and ammonia buildup.Each litter material—rice husk, sawdust, and wood shavings—has its own advantages, but the best choice depends on your local conditions and management.

🌾 Rice husk: Excellent moisture absorption and easy to find in many regions, but may get dusty if too dry.

🌲 Wood shavings: Provide good cushioning and aeration, helping reduce footpad dermatitis; however, they must be clean and free of resin or chemicals.

🌳 Sawdust: Affordable and absorbent but can pack tightly if wet, leading to poor ventilation and ammonia buildup.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 4:14 pm in reply to: Poultry

Water is the most abundant component in a chicken’s body, making up about 55–75% of its total body weight, depending on age and body fat.

Chicks: around 75–80% water

Adult birds: about 60–70% water

Eggs: roughly 65% water

Water is vital for digestion, nutrient transport, temperature regulation, and waste removal. Even a short period of water restriction can quickly reduce feed intake, growth, and egg production.Water is the most abundant component in a chicken’s body, making up about 55–75% of its total body weight, depending on age and body fat.

Chicks: around 75–80% water

Adult birds: about 60–70% water

Eggs: roughly 65% water

Water is vital for digestion, nutrient transport, temperature regulation, and waste removal. Even a short period of water restriction can quickly reduce feed intake, growth, and egg production.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 4:09 pm in reply to: Safety in a feed mill

Safety in a feed mill is critical to protect workers, maintain feed quality, and prevent accidents. Key safety standards include:

Machinery Safety: Install guards on moving parts, provide emergency stop buttons, and ensure only trained staff operate equipment.
Dust Control: Maintain proper ventilation and dust collection systems to reduce explosion risk.
Electrical Safety: Regularly inspect wiring and equipment to prevent short circuits or fires.
Fire Prevention: Keep fire extinguishers accessible, ban smoking near raw materials, and store chemicals properly.
Personal Protection: Require helmets, masks, gloves, ear protection, and safety shoes.
Cleanliness & Maintenance: Prevent clutter, remove spills promptly, and schedule routine maintenance.
Training & Emergency Plans: Train workers in safe procedures and have clear evacuation routes and signage.Safety in a feed mill is critical to protect workers, maintain feed quality, and prevent accidents. Key safety standards include:

⚙️ Machinery Safety: Install guards on moving parts, provide emergency stop buttons, and ensure only trained staff operate equipment.

🔥 Dust Control: Maintain proper ventilation and dust collection systems to reduce explosion risk.

⚡ Electrical Safety: Regularly inspect wiring and equipment to prevent short circuits or fires.

🧯 Fire Prevention: Keep fire extinguishers accessible, ban smoking near raw materials, and store chemicals properly.

🧤 Personal Protection: Require helmets, masks, gloves, ear protection, and safety shoes.

🧹 Cleanliness & Maintenance: Prevent clutter, remove spills promptly, and schedule routine maintenance.

📋 Training & Emergency Plans: Train workers in safe procedures and have clear evacuation routes and signage.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:56 pm in reply to: Feed mill

Good feed mill management ensures consistent feed quality, safety, and efficiency. Key guidelines include:

Design & Layout: Maintain a clean, well-ventilated, and organized facility with clear workflow from raw material intake to finished feed.
Raw Material Quality: Test ingredients for moisture, aflatoxin, and nutrient content before use.
Accurate Formulation & Mixing: Follow precise feed formulations and ensure uniform mixing to avoid nutrient imbalance.
Pelleting & Cooling: Maintain proper temperature and moisture for pellet durability.
Hygiene & Biosecurity: Clean regularly to prevent contamination and pest infestation.
Record Keeping: Track production batches, formulations, and quality checks for traceability.
Safety Measures: Train workers on machinery operation and personal protection.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:53 pm in reply to: Member request

aagree

Abiodun Arewa

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:47 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

As an Animal Scientist, being familiar with the necessary vaccination and medication schedule for your birds is very important. If followed strictly along with a properly monitored biosecurity will definitely keep your flock healthy.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:46 pm in reply to: Formulation & analysis

Feed formulation and analysis are essential to ensure that poultry receive the right balance of nutrients for their age and production stage.

Feed formulation helps create a diet that meets nutrient requirements at the lowest possible cost, using available ingredients.

Feed analysis verifies the nutrient content and quality of those ingredients and the finished feed, ensuring accuracy and consistency.Feed formulation and analysis are essential to ensure that poultry receive the right balance of nutrients for their age and production stage.

Feed formulation helps create a diet that meets nutrient requirements at the lowest possible cost, using available ingredients.

Feed analysis verifies the nutrient content and quality of those ingredients and the finished feed, ensuring accuracy and consistency.

Dr Shabir

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:37 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

proper vaccination is to follow the relevant region vaccination schedule,

to follow the instructions given by manufacturer to administer,

and general vaccine precautions like at cold time of the day, fresh vaccine preparation and administer with in an hour maximum, use of vaccine stabilisers, in drinking use of fresh simple water etc

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:35 pm in reply to: Poultry

Nutrition is the process by which birds obtain and utilize the nutrients in feed for growth, maintenance, reproduction, and production (like eggs or meat).

A balanced diet means the feed contains all essential nutrients—proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water—in the right proportions and quantities to meet the bird’s needs without excess or deficiency.

Good nutrition ensures optimal health, strong immunity, and efficient feed conversion, leading to better productivity and profitabilityNutrition is the process by which birds obtain and utilize the nutrients in feed for growth, maintenance, reproduction, and production (like eggs or meat).

A balanced diet means the feed contains all essential nutrients—proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water—in the right proportions and quantities to meet the bird’s needs without excess or deficiency.

Good nutrition ensures optimal health, strong immunity, and efficient feed conversion, leading to better productivity and profitability

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:27 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

A proper vaccination program for chickens depends on the type of production (broilers, layers, or breeders) and the disease challenges in your area, but a general schedule includes:

Day 1–7:

Marek’s disease (at hatchery)

Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis (spray or eye drop)

2–3 weeks:

Gumboro (IBD) vaccine

4–5 weeks:

Newcastle booster

Fowl pox (wing stab)

8–10 weeks (for layers/breeders):

Infectious Coryza or Avian Encephalomyelitis (if common locally)

Always use clean equipment, fresh vaccines, and proper storage (2–8°C). Follow manufacturer instructions and give birds vitamins/electrolytes after vaccination to reduce stress.A proper vaccination program for chickens depends on the type of production (broilers, layers, or breeders) and the disease challenges in your area, but a general schedule includes: Day 1–7:

Marek’s disease (at hatchery)

Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis (spray or eye drop) 2–3 weeks:

Gumboro (IBD) vaccine 4–5 weeks:

Newcastle booster

Fowl pox (wing stab) 8–10 weeks (for layers/breeders):

Infectious Coryza or Avian Encephalomyelitis (if common locally) Always use clean equipment, fresh vaccines, and proper storage (2–8°C). Follow manufacturer instructions and give birds vitamins/electrolytes after vaccination to reduce stress.

Abu

Member

October 17, 2025 at 3:04 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

Proper vaccinations of birds depends on the type (broilers/layers) we have Lasota (which is vaccinations against Newcastle diseases) which is given at interval but first 7-9days from day old and Gumboro (infectious bursal disease) which is given around 2-3 weeks… they are other vaccines like mareks, fowl pox and the rest. Best is to consult a veterinarian for proper schedule and guide

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:48 pm in reply to: Pelletizing

Pellet length usually depends on the diameter of the die and the species being fed, but as a general rule, pellet length should be about 1.5 to 2 times the pellet diameter.

For example:

Fish feed pellets (2–4 mm diameter): length around 3–8 mm

Poultry feed pellets (3–4 mm diameter): length around 5–8 mm

Cattle feed pellets (6–8 mm diameter): length around 10–16 mm

Uniform pellet size improves feed intake, reduces wastage, and ensures proper digestion. Keeping knives on the pellet mill well-adjusted helps maintain consistent length.Pellet length usually depends on the diameter of the die and the species being fed, but as a general rule, pellet length should be about 1.5 to 2 times the pellet diameter.

For example:

Fish feed pellets (2–4 mm diameter): length around 3–8 mm

Poultry feed pellets (3–4 mm diameter): length around 5–8 mm

Cattle feed pellets (6–8 mm diameter): length around 10–16 mm

Uniform pellet size improves feed intake, reduces wastage, and ensures proper digestion. Keeping knives on the pellet mill well-adjusted helps maintain consistent length.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:47 pm in reply to: Managing Post-Vaccination Stress

To minimize post-vaccination stress, make sure the birds are well-hydrated and calm before and after vaccination. Provide vitamins (especially Vitamin C and electrolytes) in drinking water for 2–3 days to boost recovery.

Avoid handling birds roughly, maintain optimal temperature and ventilation, and reduce unnecessary noise or movement in the house. Also, ensure feed and clean water are always available, and avoid giving other stressors (like feed changes or transport) right after vaccination.To minimize post-vaccination stress, make sure the birds are well-hydrated and calm before and after vaccination. Provide vitamins (especially Vitamin C and electrolytes) in drinking water for 2–3 days to boost recovery.

Avoid handling birds roughly, maintain optimal temperature and ventilation, and reduce unnecessary noise or movement in the house. Also, ensure feed and clean water are always available, and avoid giving other stressors (like feed changes or transport) right after vaccination.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:45 pm in reply to: Coccidiosis early signs

Early signs of coccidiosis in chicks include reduced feed intake, slow growth, ruffled feathers, drooping wings, and dull or depressed behavior. You may also notice bloody or watery droppings, especially in the later stages.

Chicks often huddle near heat sources due to weakness and may show pale combs and wattles from blood loss. Early detection and prompt treatment with anticoccidial medication or ionophores, along with good litter management and hygiene, are key to preventing outbreaks.Early signs of coccidiosis in chicks include reduced feed intake, slow growth, ruffled feathers, drooping wings, and dull or depressed behavior. You may also notice bloody or watery droppings, especially in the later stages.

Chicks often huddle near heat sources due to weakness and may show pale combs and wattles from blood loss. Early detection and prompt treatment with anticoccidial medication or ionophores, along with good litter management and hygiene, are key to preventing outbreaks.

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:40 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

Good

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