[Dr Shabir]

how type of litre affect coccidiosis occurance

[Dr Shabir]

aas per breed recommendations, age, stage, protein percentage, energy, calcium, AA, vitamins and mineral

[Amir]

Eggs should be collected at least two to three times a day to maintain freshness, prevent contamination, and reduce the risk of broken eggs and egg-eating habits.

[Mohir Uddin]

To assess food texture, five key qualities are used: hardness, chewiness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness.

[Mohir Uddin]

Die making requires metals such as aluminum, zinc, magnesium, Copper Alloys, Lead, and Tin Alloys, which are commonly used non-ferrous metals.

[Mohir Uddin]

Common methods for amino acid analysis include chromatography (especially High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Ion-Exchange Chromatography (IEC), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). These techniques often require derivatization, where amino acids are chemically modified before separation and detection, typically using UV or fluorescence detectors, although mass spectrometry (MS) offers higher sensitivity. Other methods like Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) offer high resolution and speed.

[Elieser]

It’s a misconception that people don’t drink soy milk anymore; it’s still widely consumed globally, especially in Asia, and remains a top-selling plant-based milk. However, its dominance in Western markets, where it was once the only alternative, has significantly declined.

The decrease in its popularity in places like the U.S. and Europe is due to several converging factors:

1. The Rise of New Competitors (Almond and Oat)

This is the single biggest factor. Soy milk was the original non-dairy alternative on the market. Now, consumers have a vast selection:

Almond Milk: It exploded in popularity, largely because it is generally lower in calories and has a more neutral, milder taste that many consumers prefer to soy’s distinct “beany” flavor. Almond milk is the best-selling plant milk in the U.S.

Oat Milk: It has seen the most dramatic recent growth. It is highly valued for its creamy texture (making it excellent in coffee and lattes) and is often perceived as a more environmentally friendly choice than almond milk (which is very water-intensive).

2. Flavor and Texture Preferences

For many, soy milk’s distinct flavor and thinner consistency were a drawback, especially when used in coffee or with cereal.

Almond and oat milks offer a more neutral flavor profile and a texture that mimics dairy more closely, making them more versatile and appealing for everyday use.

3. Health and Controversies (Mostly Debunked)

A key turning point in the late 1990s and 2000s was a wave of fear and misinformation surrounding soy:

Phytoestrogens (Isoflavones): The biggest concern was that soy’s natural compounds, isoflavones, mimic the female hormone estrogen, leading to fears about cancer, hormonal disruption, or “feminizing” effects in men. Scientific consensus now supports that moderate soy consumption is safe and may even be protective against certain cancers, but the perception of risk persisted.

GMO Concerns: A high percentage of soybeans grown in the US are genetically modified (GMO), which turns off a segment of health-conscious consumers who prefer non-GMO or organic products.

Antinutrients: Concerns about compounds like phytic acid that can inhibit mineral absorption also play a small role, though these are largely deactivated through the processing of soy milk.

4. Allergy Concerns

Soy is one of the top eight food allergens, which means a small but significant portion of the population must avoid it completely. While other milks have their own allergy issues (like nut milk), soy’s status as a major allergen is a limiting factor.

In essence, soy milk was displaced not because it’s unhealthy (it remains one of the best choices for protein in a plant milk) but because competitors offered alternatives that better met consumer demands for taste, texture, and low-calorie options—all while avoiding the lingering (and often scientifically unsupported) controversies surrounding soy.

[AHMED]

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography, is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify specific components in mixtures while Colorimetric analysis is used to determine the concentration of the analyte in a colored solution. The colorless analyte can be transformed into a visible color by the addition of a shading reagent. It is significant to both inorganic and natural mixes and might be used by means of enzymatic or nonenzymatic steps.

[AHMED]

Load cell accuracy refers to the degree to which a load cell’s measurements reflect the true weight or force being applied. It is typically expressed as a percentage of the full-scale output, indicating potential deviation from actual values. Accuracy is not synonymous with precision. Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the actual value. Precision refers to how consistently the load cell provides the same reading for the same load.

[AHMED]

To achieve precise measurement.

[Elieser]

The distance between load cells is a critical factor for accurate weighing in batching systems, primarily because it directly affects the even distribution of the vessel’s load (the weigh hopper, silo, or tank) across all the sensors.

If the load cells are not strategically placed at the correct distances, it can lead to several problems that compromise weighing accuracy:

Impact of Incorrect Load Cell Spacing

Uneven Load Distribution (Overloading/Underloading):

The primary concern is ensuring that each load cell carries a proportionally equal share of the total load (vessel weight plus ingredient weight).

If the load cells are too far apart or too close together relative to the vessel’s geometry or center of gravity, some cells may be overloaded, while others are underloaded.

Overloaded cells can exceed their capacity limits, leading to non-linear readings, potential damage, or premature failure. Underloaded cells may operate less accurately toward the lower end of their range.

Eccentric Loading and Side Forces:

Improper spacing can exacerbate the effects of eccentric loading (a load not applied perfectly centered). While all batch vessels face this issue, poor load cell placement can turn a small eccentricity into a significant measurement error.

This uneven force distribution creates side loads or bending moments that a load cell is not designed to measure accurately. Load cells are engineered to measure a force primarily in one direction (compression or tension). Side forces distort the signal, leading to inaccurate weight readings.

Structural Deflection and Instability:

The spacing, along with the vessel’s support structure (legs, mounting plates), determines the overall stability and rigidity of the weighing system.

Incorrect spacing can lead to excessive structural deflection or movement as the material is loaded. This flexing or “wobble” can introduce dynamic, unmeasurable forces onto the load cells, causing significant signal noise and making accurate, stable readings impossible.

Best Practice for Accurate Load Cell Placement

For a typical multi-load cell system (like a three- or four-cell hopper scale), best practice involves:

Symmetry: Placing the load cells in a symmetrical pattern relative to the vessel’s center of gravity. For most square or cylindrical vessels, this means placing the cells equidistant from each other and the center point.

Leveling: Ensuring all load cells are mounted on the same horizontal plane and that the supporting structure is flat, rigid, and level to prevent unwanted tilting or side-loading. Shims may be required to achieve coplanarity.

Use of Mounting Hardware: Utilizing proper mounting hardware (like self-aligning mounts or rocker pins) which help compensate for minor thermal expansion and slight horizontal movement, ensuring the force is transmitted vertically to the load cell.

Minimizing Interference: Ensuring the load cells are positioned to avoid external forces, such as from rigid piping, conduit connections, or check rods, which could bypass the load cell and support part of the weight.

[Amir]

Pellet quality is monitored using tools that assess durability, like the Holmen tester and tumble tester; moisture content via moisture analyzers and IR sensors; and physical properties such as hardness and particle size using pressure devices and sieves. Other tools include NIR technology for nutritional content and online calculators for predicting pellet quality based on formulation.

[Amir]

VFDs enhance energy efficiency in feed milling by dynamically adjusting motor speeds to match production needs, rather than running at full speed, significantly reducing power consumption.

[Amir]

Ingredient particle size significantly impacts the Pellet Durability Index (PDI) and overall pellet quality by affecting the surface area available for heat and moisture penetration during conditioning,

[Amir]

HPLC’s ability to resolve complex mixtures into individual components for detailed analysis, whereas colorimetric methods offer a simpler, less precise, but potentially quicker assessment of overall amino acid content.