[Muhammad zubair Ali]

Induced Cooling is a fan or blower is installed at the outlet this fan pulls gases

[India]

I had enlisted a number of questions against which only one responded with DO range, appreciate; three responded with thanks, I didn’t understand what for have they mentioned thanks?
Dear professionals please read properly and answer for at least one or more of points out of your experience and knowledge. DO is one of the most important parameter and most discussed topic to control and manage for better ecology, feed utilization as well as growth performance.
Please spend some time and participate.
-Anoop

[India]

A number of replies with good alternatives mentioned are presented by a number of members.
So it strengthens the thought of possible alternatives for proteins, lipids, carbohydrates etc but along with this it is important to consider that for which species and for which stage of it the feed need to be formulated, accordingly we have to work on alternative products because a lot depends how these alternative products will perform in fact on field in terms of digestibility, assimilation and growth performance.
-Anoop

[Dr Shabir]

by

.. vaccination,

.. coccidiostats in feed.

.. avoiding wet litter,

.. laboratory diagnosis and use of anti coccidials timely.

. biosecurity improvement,

.. down time incraasing

[Md. Osman Sheikh]

Induced cool air draft.

[Ali Husnain]

Common causes of low egg production in layer includes;

A=Nutritional Causes:

1) Inadequate Protein Intake

2) Energy imbalance in feed ration

3) Vitamins and minerals deficiencies.

B=Managemental:

1) Poor lighting program (Intensity/duration)

2) Stress

3) Overcrowding

C=Health Issues:

1) Disease

2) Parasitic infestation

3) Reproductive issues

C=Environmental Factors:

1) Extreme Weather Conditions

2) High Humidity

D=Genetic:

1) Breed

2) Genetic Selection

[Amir]

To minimize economic losses from subclinical coccidiosis in broilers, implement a multi-pronged strategy including rigorous biosecurity and litter management to control oocyst spread, strategic use of anticoccidial drugs or vaccination programs, integration of feed additives and immunomodulators, and ensuring adequate space and ventilation for birds. Early detection and diagnosis through post-mortem examination are crucial for effective management of subclinical infections, which often go unnoticed due to the lack of overt symptoms

[Md]

The big particles are reduce the overall pellet quality.

[Md]

Packing Vs ambient temperature monitoring.

[Md]

All steps are critical like-RM received, RM storage, batching, grinding, mixing, pelleting, cooling, packing, FG moisture content & finally delivery.

[Md]

Grinding, L/D ratio, die & roller adjustment

[Bello Bashir]

Nutrition profoundly influences the poultry immune response by supplying essential vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids that build and maintain immune cells and tissues. Deficiencies impair immune cell function and barrier integrity, increasing disease susceptibility. Key nutrients like vitamins A, D, E, C, and minerals such as zinc, selenium, and manganese are crucial for epithelial integrity, antioxidant defense, T-cell activation, and antibody production. Furthermore, functional nutrients like probiotics, prebiotics, essential fatty acids, and phytogenics can positively modulate the gut microbiota, enhance gut health, and stimulate immune responses.

[Bello Bashir]

The critical steps in feed milling include receiving and storing raw materials, cleaning them, batching and mixing ingredients according to a formula, grinding the mixture to a uniform particle size, conditioning the mash with heat and moisture, pelletizing it into desired shapes, cooling the pellets for stability, and finally, packaging the finished feed. Throughout the process, maintaining strict quality control, equipment hygiene, and proper storage conditions is essential to ensure the feed’s safety and nutritional value.

[Dr Neha]

Raw material – Procurement quality, receiving quantity & storage

Batching

Impact grinding

particle size reduction

Screening

Mixing

Conditioning : use of heat and moisture

Pelleting

Cooling

[Sanaul]

Very nine