[Luis Aurelio]

<font dir=”auto” style=”vertical-align: inherit;”><font dir=”auto” style=”vertical-align: inherit;”>podemos evitar diarreas desde el comento del nacimiento con buenos manejos, como curar ombligos, tener pesebreras limpias.</font></font>

[EROMOSELE OTOIDE]

Thanks for sharing.

[EROMOSELE OTOIDE]

Though it’s a plus to the society at large but there’s always a challenge in materials management because most of these materials are not much available in our locality.

[EROMOSELE OTOIDE]

Thanks for sharing.

[Isabel Cristina]

Es con muchísimo gusto, saludos.

[Nurudeen Kareem]

Yes,Olayiwola,I agree with you.

Well done.

[Sandeep Kumar]

[AHMED]

thanks for the contribution.

[Muhammad Ahmad]

How much mycoplasma synoviae vaccines are effective in controlling mycoplasma synoviae.?

[Muhammad Ahmad]

Thanks everyone

[Muhammad Ahmad]

Using antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry farming has both benefits and significant risks. While they can improve bird health and productivity, their use is a major driver of antibiotic resistance, a global public health crisis. 🐔

​Pros and Cons of Using AGPs

​Pros 👍

• ​Improved Growth and Feed Efficiency: AGPs are effective at sub-therapeutic doses, increasing the growth rate of broilers and improving their ability to convert feed into body mass.
• ​Disease Prevention: They reduce the incidence of subclinical (non-obvious) diseases and gut inflammation by suppressing harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract. This helps keep birds healthy, reducing mortality and the need for higher-dose therapeutic antibiotics.
• ​Enhanced Nutrient Absorption: By controlling the gut microbiome, AGPs reduce competition from undesirable bacteria, allowing the birds to absorb nutrients more effectively.

​Cons 👎

• ​Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): This is the most significant drawback. The consistent, low-level use of antibiotics in animal feed creates a selection pressure that encourages the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These resistant bacteria can then be transferred to humans through the food chain or the environment, making it harder to treat infections in people.
• ​Public Health Concerns: The presence of antibiotic residues in meat and eggs is a potential health risk for consumers.
• ​Environmental Impact: Antibiotic residues from poultry litter and waste can enter the environment, contributing to the spread of resistance genes in soil and water.

​Alternatives to AGPs in Poultry

​Due to growing concerns about AMR, the poultry industry is shifting toward more sustainable and natural alternatives to AGPs. These alternatives work by improving gut health and supporting the bird’s natural defenses without relying on antibiotics.

• ​Probiotics: These are beneficial live microorganisms (like bacteria or yeasts) that, when consumed, improve the microbial balance in the gut. They work by competing with harmful bacteria for space and nutrients, and by producing beneficial compounds.
• ​Prebiotics: These are non-digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria already present in the poultry’s digestive system. Common prebiotics include certain types of fibers and carbohydrates.
• ​Organic Acids: Adding organic acids (such as formic acid or lactic acid) to feed lowers the pH in the gut, creating a hostile environment for many pathogenic bacteria. This promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria and enhances digestion.
• ​Phytogenics (Herbal Extracts): Also known as phytobiotics, these are plant-derived compounds like essential oils and herbs. They have a variety of effects, including antimicrobial properties, anti-inflammatory actions, and the ability to stimulate appetite and digestion.
• ​Enzymes: Supplementing feed with exogenous enzymes helps the bird break down complex nutrients more efficiently, improving feed conversion and reducing the amount of undigested matter in the gut, which can feed harmful bacteria.
• ​Bacteriophages: These are viruses that specifically target and kill certain types of bacteria. They offer a highly targeted way to control pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli without affecting beneficial gut microbes or contributing to general antibiotic resistance.Using antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry farming has both benefits and significant risks. While they can improve bird health and productivity, their use is a major driver of antibiotic resistance, a global public health crisis. 🐔
  ​Pros and Cons of Using AGPs
  ​Pros 👍
  ​Improved Growth and Feed Efficiency: AGPs are effective at sub-therapeutic doses, increasing the growth rate of broilers and improving their ability to convert feed into body mass.
  ​Disease Prevention: They reduce the incidence of subclinical (non-obvious) diseases and gut inflammation by suppressing harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract. This helps keep birds healthy, reducing mortality and the need for higher-dose therapeutic antibiotics.
  ​Enhanced Nutrient Absorption: By controlling the gut microbiome, AGPs reduce competition from undesirable bacteria, allowing the birds to absorb nutrients more effectively.
  ​Cons 👎
  ​Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): This is the most significant drawback. The consistent, low-level use of antibiotics in animal feed creates a selection pressure that encourages the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These resistant bacteria can then be transferred to humans through the food chain or the environment, making it harder to treat infections in people.
  ​Public Health Concerns: The presence of antibiotic residues in meat and eggs is a potential health risk for consumers.
  ​Environmental Impact: Antibiotic residues from poultry litter and waste can enter the environment, contributing to the spread of resistance genes in soil and water.
  ​Alternatives to AGPs in Poultry
  ​Due to growing concerns about AMR, the poultry industry is shifting toward more sustainable and natural alternatives to AGPs. These alternatives work by improving gut health and supporting the bird’s natural defenses without relying on antibiotics.
  ​Probiotics: These are beneficial live microorganisms (like bacteria or yeasts) that, when consumed, improve the microbial balance in the gut. They work by competing with harmful bacteria for space and nutrients, and by producing beneficial compounds.
  ​Prebiotics: These are non-digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria already present in the poultry’s digestive system. Common prebiotics include certain types of fibers and carbohydrates.
  ​Organic Acids: Adding organic acids (such as formic acid or lactic acid) to feed lowers the pH in the gut, creating a hostile environment for many pathogenic bacteria. This promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria and enhances digestion.
  ​Phytogenics (Herbal Extracts): Also known as phytobiotics, these are plant-derived compounds like essential oils and herbs. They have a variety of effects, including antimicrobial properties, anti-inflammatory actions, and the ability to stimulate appetite and digestion.
  ​Enzymes: Supplementing feed with exogenous enzymes helps the bird break down complex nutrients more efficiently, improving feed conversion and reducing the amount of undigested matter in the gut, which can feed harmful bacteria.
  ​Bacteriophages: These are viruses that specifically target and kill certain types of bacteria. They offer a highly targeted way to control pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli without affecting beneficial gut microbes or contributing to general antibiotic resistance.

[Prashanth Kumar]

It is starts right from the receiving of raw material then on

1) Ration formulation

2) feed mixing

3) packaging bagging.

[AHMED]

PH

SALT

[AHMED]

starch

temperature.

particle size

pressure/mixing/turning.

[Md.Rejuan Hossain]

Key Factors for Optimal Gelatinisation.