Soy Excellence Center – Lina Paola Pardo Quevedo

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Abu

Member
October 17, 2025 at 3:04 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

Proper vaccinations of birds depends on the type (broilers/layers) we have Lasota (which is vaccinations against Newcastle diseases) which is given at interval but first 7-9days from day old and Gumboro (infectious bursal disease) which is given around 2-3 weeks… they are other vaccines like mareks, fowl pox and the rest. Best is to consult a veterinarian for proper schedule and guide
Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member
October 17, 2025 at 2:48 pm in reply to: Pelletizing

Pellet length usually depends on the diameter of the die and the species being fed, but as a general rule, pellet length should be about 1.5 to 2 times the pellet diameter.

For example:

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Fish feed pellets (2–4 mm diameter): length around 3–8 mm
Poultry feed pellets (3–4 mm diameter): length around 5–8 mm
Cattle feed pellets (6–8 mm diameter): length around 10–16 mm

Uniform pellet size improves feed intake, reduces wastage, and ensures proper digestion. Keeping knives on the pellet mill well-adjusted helps maintain consistent length.Pellet length usually depends on the diameter of the die and the species being fed, but as a general rule, pellet length should be about 1.5 to 2 times the pellet diameter.

For example:

Fish feed pellets (2–4 mm diameter): length around 3–8 mm

Poultry feed pellets (3–4 mm diameter): length around 5–8 mm

Cattle feed pellets (6–8 mm diameter): length around 10–16 mm

Uniform pellet size improves feed intake, reduces wastage, and ensures proper digestion. Keeping knives on the pellet mill well-adjusted helps maintain consistent length.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:47 pm in reply to: Managing Post-Vaccination Stress

To minimize post-vaccination stress, make sure the birds are well-hydrated and calm before and after vaccination. Provide vitamins (especially Vitamin C and electrolytes) in drinking water for 2–3 days to boost recovery.

Avoid handling birds roughly, maintain optimal temperature and ventilation, and reduce unnecessary noise or movement in the house. Also, ensure feed and clean water are always available, and avoid giving other stressors (like feed changes or transport) right after vaccination.To minimize post-vaccination stress, make sure the birds are well-hydrated and calm before and after vaccination. Provide vitamins (especially Vitamin C and electrolytes) in drinking water for 2–3 days to boost recovery.

Avoid handling birds roughly, maintain optimal temperature and ventilation, and reduce unnecessary noise or movement in the house. Also, ensure feed and clean water are always available, and avoid giving other stressors (like feed changes or transport) right after vaccination.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:45 pm in reply to: Coccidiosis early signs

Early signs of coccidiosis in chicks include reduced feed intake, slow growth, ruffled feathers, drooping wings, and dull or depressed behavior. You may also notice bloody or watery droppings, especially in the later stages.

Chicks often huddle near heat sources due to weakness and may show pale combs and wattles from blood loss. Early detection and prompt treatment with anticoccidial medication or ionophores, along with good litter management and hygiene, are key to preventing outbreaks.Early signs of coccidiosis in chicks include reduced feed intake, slow growth, ruffled feathers, drooping wings, and dull or depressed behavior. You may also notice bloody or watery droppings, especially in the later stages.

Chicks often huddle near heat sources due to weakness and may show pale combs and wattles from blood loss. Early detection and prompt treatment with anticoccidial medication or ionophores, along with good litter management and hygiene, are key to preventing outbreaks.

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:40 pm in reply to: Proper vaccination

Good

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:39 pm in reply to: Poultry

Supportive and symptomatic treatment

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 2:38 pm in reply to: Managing Post-Vaccination Stress

The single best tip to minimize bird stress and maximize vaccine effectiveness is to provide immediate, enhanced supportive care through the drinking water, specifically a stress pack containing electrolytes and vitamins.

This addresses the two main sources of post-vaccination stress: the physical handling (if applicable) and the physiological challenge of the immune response.

1. The “Golden Hour” of Recovery

Immediately following vaccination, a bird’s immune system is highly active, which requires extra energy and nutrients. The best way to support this is to:

* Provide an Electrolyte/Vitamin Stress Pack: Offer a water-soluble supplement that includes electrolytes (to restore fluid balance and combat dehydration from reduced water intake) and high-level B-vitamins and Vitamin C (to support metabolism, energy production, and the immune response).

* Offer Fresh, Clean Water: Ensure the water system is fully flushed of any vaccine residue and replenished with clean, appealing water, ideally with the stress pack already mixed in.

2. Control the Environment

A secondary tip that is nearly as important is ensuring the bird’s environment is optimal, allowing them to dedicate energy to their immune response rather than fighting environmental stressors.

* Maintain Thermal Comfort: Ensure the house temperature is stable and within the bird’s comfort zone, especially avoiding excessive heat or cold, as temperature stress is a major immunosuppressant.

* Restore Calm: If the birds were handled (e.g., for injection), return them to their pens quickly and dim the lights for a period to encourage them to settle down, begin drinking, and rest.

* Ensure Ventilation: Maintain good air quality to prevent respiratory stress, which is particularly important if a respiratory (spray or water-based) vaccine was used.The single best tip to minimize bird stress and maximize vaccine effectiveness is to provide immediate, enhanced supportive care through the drinking water, specifically a stress pack containing electrolytes and vitamins.
This addresses the two main sources of post-vaccination stress: the physical handling (if applicable) and the physiological challenge of the immune response.
1. The “Golden Hour” of Recovery
Immediately following vaccination, a bird’s immune system is highly active, which requires extra energy and nutrients. The best way to support this is to:
* Provide an Electrolyte/Vitamin Stress Pack: Offer a water-soluble supplement that includes electrolytes (to restore fluid balance and combat dehydration from reduced water intake) and high-level B-vitamins and Vitamin C (to support metabolism, energy production, and the immune response).
* Offer Fresh, Clean Water: Ensure the water system is fully flushed of any vaccine residue and replenished with clean, appealing water, ideally with the stress pack already mixed in.
2. Control the Environment
A secondary tip that is nearly as important is ensuring the bird’s environment is optimal, allowing them to dedicate energy to their immune response rather than fighting environmental stressors.
* Maintain Thermal Comfort: Ensure the house temperature is stable and within the bird’s comfort zone, especially avoiding excessive heat or cold, as temperature stress is a major immunosuppressant.
* Restore Calm: If the birds were handled (e.g., for injection), return them to their pens quickly and dim the lights for a period to encourage them to settle down, begin drinking, and rest.
* Ensure Ventilation: Maintain good air quality to prevent respiratory stress, which is particularly important if a respiratory (spray or water-based) vaccine was used.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 1:16 pm in reply to: Mycotoxin Control Check Points

Moisture Control:

Keep moisture content of raw materials below 12–13%.

Regularly monitor humidity inside silos or godowns.

Proper Aeration & Ventilation:

Ensure good airflow to prevent condensation and heat buildup.

Use aeration fans or vents during humid periods.

Temperature Management:

Store materials in cool, dry conditions (below 30°C if possible).

Avoid direct sunlight and heat exposure.

Regular Inspection:

Check regularly for mold growth, hot spots, or insect activity.

Rotate stock — follow the FIFO (First In, First Out) system.

Cleanliness & Sanitation:

Clean silos and floors before new storage.

Remove dust, old residues, and spilled feed — they harbor fungi.

Use of Antifungal Agents or Mold Inhibitors:

Apply organic acids (like propionic acid) to grains or meals.

Proper Packaging and Sealing:

Ensure bags are dry, sealed, and stacked on pallets, not directly on floors or walls.Moisture Control:

Keep moisture content of raw materials below 12–13%.

Regularly monitor humidity inside silos or godowns.

Proper Aeration & Ventilation:

Ensure good airflow to prevent condensation and heat buildup.

Use aeration fans or vents during humid periods.

Temperature Management:

Store materials in cool, dry conditions (below 30°C if possible).

Avoid direct sunlight and heat exposure.

Regular Inspection:

Check regularly for mold growth, hot spots, or insect activity.

Rotate stock — follow the FIFO (First In, First Out) system.

Cleanliness & Sanitation:

Clean silos and floors before new storage.

Remove dust, old residues, and spilled feed — they harbor fungi.

Use of Antifungal Agents or Mold Inhibitors:

Apply organic acids (like propionic acid) to grains or meals.

Proper Packaging and Sealing:

Ensure bags are dry, sealed, and stacked on pallets, not directly on floors or walls.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 1:13 pm in reply to: Soybean Value Chain

ANF stands for Anti-Nutritional Factors. In the context of the soybean value chain, ANFs are natural compounds in soybeans that reduce nutrient availability or interfere with digestion and growth in animals or humans.

Examples of ANFs in soybeans include:

Trypsin inhibitors – interfere with protein digestion.

Phytic acid – binds minerals like zinc and calcium, reducing absorption.

Lectins – can damage intestinal lining.

Saponins – may cause bitterness or reduce feed intake.

Solution: Most ANFs are reduced or eliminated through heat treatment, fermentation, or processing, making soybean meal safe and highly nutritious for feed and food use.ANF stands for Anti-Nutritional Factors.
In the context of the soybean value chain, ANFs are natural compounds in soybeans that reduce nutrient availability or interfere with digestion and growth in animals or humans.

Examples of ANFs in soybeans include:

Trypsin inhibitors – interfere with protein digestion.

Phytic acid – binds minerals like zinc and calcium, reducing absorption.

Lectins – can damage intestinal lining.

Saponins – may cause bitterness or reduce feed intake.

Solution: Most ANFs are reduced or eliminated through heat treatment, fermentation, or processing, making soybean meal safe and highly nutritious for feed and food use.

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 12:32 pm in reply to: Stocking density

Higher stocking density usually leads to increased competition for feed and space, which can reduce growth rates and worsen feed conversion. Maintaining optimal density helps ensure better welfare, feed efficiency, and overall performance.Higher stocking density usually leads to increased competition for feed and space, which can reduce growth rates and worsen feed conversion. Maintaining optimal density helps ensure better welfare, feed efficiency, and overall performance.

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 10:24 am in reply to: Maximum biosecurity

Good

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 10:23 am in reply to: Sampling Procedure for Liquid Raw Materials

The proper sampling method for viscous liquid materials like molasses and oils focuses on ensuring the collected sample is truly representative of the bulk material, which can be challenging due to their high viscosity and the potential for stratification (layering) or settling of contaminants.

The method depends heavily on the container type (drums, tanks, circulating systems).

Key Principles for Sampling Viscous Liquids

* Ensure Homogeneity (Mixing):

* Before sampling, the liquid must be thoroughly mixed to ensure any settled solids or stratified layers are uniformly distributed. This is critical for viscous liquids like molasses or used oils.

* Molasses/Bulk Tanks: Use mechanical stirring or circulation through pumps.

* Oil Drums/Barrels: Use a drum mixer or roll the container vigorously.

* Use the Correct Sampler: Specialized tools are required to handle the viscosity and reach different depths.

* Thief or Tri-layer Sampler (for tanks/drums): A weighted device that is lowered to a specific depth, where a valve is opened to collect the sample. This is used to take samples from the top, middle, and bottom of the liquid, which are then typically combined to form an aggregate sample.

* Viscous Sampler (Syringe-type): Works like a large syringe, where the handle is pulled up to draw the thick liquid into the sampler tube.

* Pump Sampler (for bulk/circulating systems): A sampling pump used with a rigid or flexible tube to extract the liquid.

* Choose the Optimal Sampling Point (For Systems/Equipment):

* For lubricating oils in machinery, the best location is from a dedicated sampling valve or port on the main circulating line, after the pump but before the filter or component being monitored. This ensures the sample is representative of the active system and contains contaminants/wear particles before they are filtered out.

* AVOID sampling from drain plugs or static sumps, as these areas accumulate sediment and will yield a non-representative sample.

General Procedure Guidelines

* Cleanliness: Always use pre-cleaned, certified sample bottles and fresh, clean sampling tubes/hoses to prevent cross-contamination.

* Flush the Line: When sampling from a valve or port, allow a sufficient volume of the liquid (the “dead volume”) to flush out before collecting the final sample. This clears any stagnant or contaminated fluid from the sampling point.

* Collection: Fill the sample container to about 2/3 to 3/4 full to leave space for expansion and mixing at the lab.

* Temperature (Oils): For used oils, collect the sample while the equipment is running at normal operating temperature to ensure the oil is circulating and well-mixed.

* Labeling: Immediately and correctly label the sample bottle with all necessary information: source, date, time, equipment/lot ID, and sampling location.The proper sampling method for viscous liquid materials like molasses and oils focuses on ensuring the collected sample is truly representative of the bulk material, which can be challenging due to their high viscosity and the potential for stratification (layering) or settling of contaminants.
The method depends heavily on the container type (drums, tanks, circulating systems).
Key Principles for Sampling Viscous Liquids
* Ensure Homogeneity (Mixing):
* Before sampling, the liquid must be thoroughly mixed to ensure any settled solids or stratified layers are uniformly distributed. This is critical for viscous liquids like molasses or used oils.
* Molasses/Bulk Tanks: Use mechanical stirring or circulation through pumps.
* Oil Drums/Barrels: Use a drum mixer or roll the container vigorously.
* Use the Correct Sampler: Specialized tools are required to handle the viscosity and reach different depths.
* Thief or Tri-layer Sampler (for tanks/drums): A weighted device that is lowered to a specific depth, where a valve is opened to collect the sample. This is used to take samples from the top, middle, and bottom of the liquid, which are then typically combined to form an aggregate sample.
* Viscous Sampler (Syringe-type): Works like a large syringe, where the handle is pulled up to draw the thick liquid into the sampler tube.
* Pump Sampler (for bulk/circulating systems): A sampling pump used with a rigid or flexible tube to extract the liquid.
* Choose the Optimal Sampling Point (For Systems/Equipment):
* For lubricating oils in machinery, the best location is from a dedicated sampling valve or port on the main circulating line, after the pump but before the filter or component being monitored. This ensures the sample is representative of the active system and contains contaminants/wear particles before they are filtered out.
* AVOID sampling from drain plugs or static sumps, as these areas accumulate sediment and will yield a non-representative sample.
General Procedure Guidelines
* Cleanliness: Always use pre-cleaned, certified sample bottles and fresh, clean sampling tubes/hoses to prevent cross-contamination.
* Flush the Line: When sampling from a valve or port, allow a sufficient volume of the liquid (the “dead volume”) to flush out before collecting the final sample. This clears any stagnant or contaminated fluid from the sampling point.
* Collection: Fill the sample container to about 2/3 to 3/4 full to leave space for expansion and mixing at the lab.
* Temperature (Oils): For used oils, collect the sample while the equipment is running at normal operating temperature to ensure the oil is circulating and well-mixed.
* Labeling: Immediately and correctly label the sample bottle with all necessary information: source, date, time, equipment/lot ID, and sampling location.

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 10:22 am in reply to: Feed Safety and Biosecurity in the Global Animal Feed Manufacturing Industry

The Quality Management Cycle, often referred to as the PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) or the Deming Cycle, is a continuous loop for improving processes and products. It provides a structured approach to continuous quality improvement in any system or organization.

Quality Management Cycle (PDCA)

The cycle consists of four distinct, sequential stages:

1. Plan (P) 📝

This is the foundational step where you establish objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the expected output (the target or goal).

* Define the problem or opportunity for improvement.

* Establish the goals and metrics for the change.

* Determine the process that needs to be improved or created.

* Develop a plan to implement the change on a small, experimental scale.

2. Do (D) 🛠️

This stage involves implementing the plan on a small scale in a controlled environment.

* Execute the plan as developed in the first stage.

* Collect data for measurement and analysis in the next stage.

* Document observations, problems, and unexpected occurrences.

* The small-scale test minimizes risk and allows you to learn effectively.

3. Check (C) ✅

In this stage, the results of the “Do” phase are analyzed and compared against the original goals set in the “Plan” phase.

* Analyze the data collected during the “Do” phase.

* Compare the results with the expected outcomes (the plan).

* Evaluate the effectiveness of the change.

* Identify gaps and areas where the process did not meet the objective.

4. Act (A) 🚀

Based on the analysis in the “Check” phase, a decision is made to either standardize the change or repeat the cycle to address any remaining gaps.

* If the plan was successful: Standardize and integrate the improved process throughout the organization. This becomes the new standard procedure.

* If the plan was unsuccessful or needs more refinement: Revise the plan (return to step 1) to address the identified issues and start the cycle again.

The “Act” phase leads directly back to the “Plan” phase, ensuring the cycle is continuous, promoting ongoing improvement.The Quality Management Cycle, often referred to as the PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) or the Deming Cycle, is a continuous loop for improving processes and products. It provides a structured approach to continuous quality improvement in any system or organization.
Quality Management Cycle (PDCA)
The cycle consists of four distinct, sequential stages:
1. Plan (P) 📝
This is the foundational step where you establish objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the expected output (the target or goal).
* Define the problem or opportunity for improvement.
* Establish the goals and metrics for the change.
* Determine the process that needs to be improved or created.
* Develop a plan to implement the change on a small, experimental scale.
2. Do (D) 🛠️
This stage involves implementing the plan on a small scale in a controlled environment.
* Execute the plan as developed in the first stage.
* Collect data for measurement and analysis in the next stage.
* Document observations, problems, and unexpected occurrences.
* The small-scale test minimizes risk and allows you to learn effectively.
3. Check (C) ✅
In this stage, the results of the “Do” phase are analyzed and compared against the original goals set in the “Plan” phase.
* Analyze the data collected during the “Do” phase.
* Compare the results with the expected outcomes (the plan).
* Evaluate the effectiveness of the change.
* Identify gaps and areas where the process did not meet the objective.
4. Act (A) 🚀
Based on the analysis in the “Check” phase, a decision is made to either standardize the change or repeat the cycle to address any remaining gaps.
* If the plan was successful: Standardize and integrate the improved process throughout the organization. This becomes the new standard procedure.
* If the plan was unsuccessful or needs more refinement: Revise the plan (return to step 1) to address the identified issues and start the cycle again.
The “Act” phase leads directly back to the “Plan” phase, ensuring the cycle is continuous, promoting ongoing improvement.

Muhammad Ahmad

Member

October 17, 2025 at 8:45 am in reply to: Poultry

Good

Thanks

Mohamed Hamada Nasser

Member

October 17, 2025 at 12:31 pm in reply to: Simple Biosecurity Habits

Exactly! Consistent biosecurity practices like these make a huge difference in preventing disease outbreaks and keeping the birds healthy.Exactly! Consistent biosecurity practices like these make a huge difference in preventing disease outbreaks and keeping the birds healthy.

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